Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. Ascites is usually an indication of a serious systemic disease and has many potential causes. If you notice any signs of ascites, your dog should be seen by a veterinarian immediately.
The dog’s abdomen is surrounded by fluid. Certain diseases, or conditions, may cause an increase, or leakage, of this fluid resulting in ascites. Potential causes are:
Liver disease – Cirrhosis, liver cancer, portosystemic shunts, hepatitis
Heart Failure (right side) – Congestive heart failure. May be caused by heartworm.
Heartworm Infestation – May cause heart issues
Abdominal mass – Tumors, abscesses or cysts may rupture or cause obstructions
Peritonitis – Inflammation of the inner lining of the abdomen
Lymphatic Disease – Tumors, trauma or idiopathic conditions may result in lymphatic issues
Bleeding Disorder – May be a potential ruptured blood vessel. Poisoning, metabolic issues, inherited diseases or cancer may result in the disorder.
Blood Circulation Issues
Traumatic Injury – Rupture of the spleen or gall bladder. Bile peritonitis or injury to the urinary tract.
Hypo-albuminemia (decrease in blood albumin level)
Ascites may result in either minimal or visible abdominal distention. Other signs may include:
Lethargy – Loss of energy
Anorexia – Loss of appetite
Breathing Difficulty – Increased effort to breathe. Could be sign of a compressed diaphragm.
Abdominal Discomfort – Bloated appearance. Uncomfortable lying down.
Weakness – Issues standing or getting up
Cough – May be sign of heart disease
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Fever
A veterinarian will run tests to diagnose the underlying disease. Diagnosis may include blood, biochemical, urinalysis and fluid tests. X-Rays, ultrasound or abdominocentesis.
The ascites itself may be treated with abdominocentesis by draining the excess fluid from the abdomen. Depending on symptoms, the veterinarian may also recommend diuretics, intravenous fluids, transfusions or antibiotics. However, the underlying disease will need to be treated in order to cure the dog.
As the main cause of ascites is an underlying systemic disease it is important to have your dog seen by a veterinarian as soon as ascites is suspected. It is especially important if the onset of the symptoms are a sudden as this may indicate an emergency situation.
References:
www.web-dvm.net
www.petplace.com
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